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☆ New study details costs of making diabetes drugs
▼ + stars: | 2024-03-28 | by ( ) www.cnbc.com time to read: 1 min

Share Share Article via Facebook Share Article via Twitter Share Article via LinkedIn Share Article via EmailNew study details costs of making diabetes drugsMelissa Barber, Yale School of Medicine, joins 'Fast Money' to discuss the true cost of weight loss drug Ozempic.

Persons: Melissa Barber Organizations: Yale School of Medicine

☆ About 42% of US adults know someone who died by overdose, new survey finds
▼ + stars: | 2024-02-21 | by ( Jacqueline Howard | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +11 min

“Lately, there’s been so many overdose deaths that were inadvertent. She applauded the new RAND survey for shedding light on what adults go through when they lose someone to overdose. “Those are some of the regions where we see the highest number of overdose deaths. This is also rarely discussed in scientific and policy circles,” Pollini said of the RAND survey. “Because the data come from a survey of adults, the study does not provide insight into how overdose deaths impact children.

Persons: Gail D’Onofrio, D’Onofrio, “, there’s, ” D’Onofrio, ”, Alison Athey, Athey, Kerry Nolte, ” Nolte, Nolte, “ I’ve, I’ve, Kurt Kleinschmidt, it’s, Kleinschmidt, ” Kleinschmidt, ” Robin Pollini, –, ” Pollini, Dr, Sanjay Gupta Organizations: CNN, RAND Corporation, Yale School of Medicine, Yale New Haven Hospital, RAND, University of New, East South, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, West Virginia University, US Centers for Disease Control, Prevention’s National Center for Health Statistics, CNN Health Locations: United States, Connecticut, University of New Hampshire, New England, East South Central, Alabama, Kentucky , Mississippi, Tennessee

☆ Walking, yoga and strength training may treat depression as well as therapy, data shows
▼ + stars: | 2024-02-14 | by ( Madeline Holcombe | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +4 min

Many types of exercise — including walking, jogging, yoga, tai chi, aerobic exercises and strength training — showed benefits as strong as therapy when it came to treating depression, according to the study published Wednesday in the BMJ. “Still, only half of those with depression get any treatment.”Researchers analyzed data from 218 studies on exercise and depression, with more than 14,000 people included. But, given how debilitating it is to have depression, almost all patients should be offered both exercise and therapy,” Noetel said. Setting goals and tracking activity didn’t seem to help in the studies Noetel analyzed. And whether your thing is weight training or walking, you need to make the activity enjoyable to keep it up.

Persons: ”, Michael Noetel, “, Noetel, Adam Chekroud, Chekroud, ” Noetel Organizations: CNN, of Psychology, University of Queensland, Yale School of Medicine, Spring Health Locations: Australia

☆ What to know about medications like Ozempic, Wegovy, Mounjaro and Zepbound for weight loss
▼ + stars: | 2024-02-03 | by ( Andrea Kane | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +8 min

Editor’s note: Season 9 of the podcast Chasing Life With Dr. Sanjay Gupta explores the intersection between body weight and health. But anyone who has ever dieted can tell you that losing weight is hard and that long-term weight loss requires sustained effort, which can sometimes feel Herculean, even impossible. If you are considering starting one of these medications, Moreno recommends keeping these five facts in mind. “On average, with semaglutide, the weight loss average can be close to 15%. This is the time to start changing some eating patterns that will be beneficial for weight loss.

Persons: Sanjay Gupta, Ozempic, It’s, Jorge Moreno, Moreno, ‘ You’ve, ”, ” Moreno, “, Tirzepatide, Food and Drug Administration — “, They’re, ” They’re, —, “ It’s, GERD, ” It’s, ’ ” Moreno Organizations: CNN, Yale School of Medicine, LinkedIn, Food and Drug Administration

☆ Antibiotic-resistant germs are killing us. Microscopic viruses may be the answer
▼ + stars: | 2024-01-21 | by ( Sandee Lamotte | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +14 min

Last year doctors offered to treat Horton’s infection with one of nature’s oldest predators — tiny tripod-looking viruses called phages designed to find, attack and gobble up bacteria. SCIEPRO/Science Photo Library/Getty ImagesThe microscopic creatures have saved the lives of patients dying from superbug infections and are being used in clinical trials as a potential solution to the growing problem of antibiotic resistance. Would the bacteria from her ear help scientists find phages that would treat the eye infections as well? By the following January, the CDC said at least 50 patients in 11 states had developed superbug infections after using preservative‐free artificial tears. It was a qualified success: The antibiotic-resistant bacteria in five patients were eradicated, while several more patients showed improvements.

Persons: Cynthia Horton’s earaches, “, ”, Dwayne Roach, Eager, Horton, Maroya Walters, ” Walters, Tom Patterson, Steffanie, Paul Turner, “ Iraqibacter, Patterson, Strathdee, Tom, ” Strathdee, Tom Patterson's, Rather, Anthony Maresso, ” Maresso, “ It’s, ” Roach, phages, Elizabeth Villa, Jumbo phages, Robert “ Chip ”, ” Schooley, Juliette Robert, Haytham, REA, CDC’s Walters Organizations: CNN, San Diego State University ., US Centers for Disease Control, Center, Therapeutics, UC San Diego School of Medicine, UC, Diego’s, CDC, Yale University, Yale School of Medicine, UC San, UC San Diego, ”, San Diego, Baylor College of Medicine, Eliava Institute Locations: United States, North America, Pennsylvania, IPATH, Iraq, New Haven , Connecticut, UC San Diego, Turner’s Yale, San, San Diego State, Texas, Houston, Russia, Georgia, Tbilisi , Georgia

☆ When Does Life Stop? A New Way of Harvesting Organs Divides Doctors.
▼ + stars: | 2023-11-22 | by ( Joseph Goldstein | More About Joseph Goldstein | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

The new technique, transplant surgeons say, significantly expands the potential pool to patients who are comatose but not brain dead, and whose families have withdrawn life support because there is little chance of recovery. But hearts are almost never recovered from these donors because they are often damaged by oxygen depletion during the dying process. Surgeons have discovered that returning blood flow to the heart restores it to a remarkable degree, leaving it suitable for transplant. The first problem, some ethicists and surgeons say, stems from the way death has traditionally been defined: The heart has stopped and circulation of blood has irreversibly ceased. Because the new procedure involves restarting blood flow, critics say it essentially invalidates the earlier declaration of death.

Persons: ”, V, Eric Thompson Organizations: Surgeons, Yale School of Medicine

WASHINGTON (AP) — The Biden administration on Monday announced a White House initiative to improve how the federal government approaches and funds research into the health of women, who make up more than half of the U.S. population but remain understudied and underrepresented in health research. The White House Initiative on Women's Health Research will be led by first lady Jill Biden and the White House Gender Policy Council. Bertagnolli gave a broad answer in which she said far too little is known about women's health through all stages of life. Biden's memorandum directs members to report back within 45 days with “concrete recommendations" to improve the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of women's health issues. Mazure joined the first lady's office from the Yale School of Medicine, where she created its Women's Health Research Center.

Persons: —, Biden, Jill Biden, Joe Biden, he's, “, Maria Shriver, Joe, ” Jill Biden, Shriver, ” Shriver, ” Jennifer Klein, Monica Bertagnolli's, Bertagnolli, Carolyn Mazure, Mazure, Lauran Neergaard Organizations: WASHINGTON, Monday, Biden, White, Initiative, Women's Health, Gender, Democratic, Gender Policy, of Health, Human Services, Veterans Affairs , Defense, National Institutes of Health, Yale School of Medicine, Health Research Center, AP Locations: California, Delaware

☆ Wegovy Is Shown to Reduce Risk of Heart Attacks and Strokes in Some Patients
▼ + stars: | 2023-11-11 | by ( Dani Blum | More About Dani Blum | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

A pivotal new study suggests that the weight loss drug Wegovy cut the risk of heart attack, stroke or death from cardiovascular issues by 20 percent among overweight or obese people with heart disease — a striking benefit that could change the standard of care for these patients. “We’ve just identified a new best practice,” said Dr. Clyde Yancy, chief of the division of cardiology at Northwestern Medicine, who was not involved with the study. Drug companies see potential for the medicines that extends far beyond obesity. Outside of statins, she said, no medication has so dramatically reduced cardiovascular risk among people with heart disease. “The uptake of this drug is going to be skyrocketing in the next couple of years,” she said.

Persons: “ We’ve, ”, Clyde Yancy, Yuan Lu Organizations: Northwestern Medicine, American Heart Association, Yale School of Medicine Locations: Philadelphia, statins

☆ For some cardiac patients with stents, long-term aspirin treatments might be on the way out
▼ + stars: | 2023-10-31 | by ( Giri Viswanathan | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +6 min

For years, medical professionals widely recommended regular aspirin to prevent heart problems, since aspirin can reduce blood clotting to prevent complications like heart attacks or strokes. Still, many health care professionals still consider aspirin to be beneficial for many patients who have heart problems or have a stent. Dropping aspirin also reduced the risk of severe bleeding by nearly 50% compared with patients on the combination therapy, said Mehran — without increasing the risk of cardiac complications. Given the results of her clinical trial and a growing amount of evidence suggesting that long-term aspirin may not be beneficial for acute coronary syndrome, Mehran prescribes a treatment plan without long-term aspirin for her own patients. Aspirin remains ‘an essential therapy’However, experts agree that aspirin remains a beneficial medication for heart conditions.

Persons: ’ ”, Roxana Mehran, Mehran, ” Mehran, Aspirin, Dr, Harlan Krumholz, ticagrelor, Sanjay Gupta, ” Organizations: CNN, Icahn School of Medicine, World Health Organization, American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, United States Preventive Services Task Force, Yale School of Medicine, CNN Health Locations: Mount Sinai, United States, South Korea

☆ How to Take Care of Your Skin in the Fall and Winter
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-25 | by ( Anna Maltby | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

As the outside air cools and the heat starts to crank on indoors, you may notice your skin becoming flaky, maybe even a bit itchy. Welcome to fall and winter. When temperatures drop, the air gets drier — both indoors and outdoors — and moisture gets pulled from the lipid barrier. With less hydration, the turnover of skin cells is impaired and they start to clump together, which people can experience as dry, flaky or even scaly skin, Dr. Craiglow said. Some are more susceptible to developing dry skin in cooler weather, particularly older adults and those with eczema, said Dr. Jeffrey Weinberg, a clinical professor of dermatology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.

Persons: ”, Brittany Craiglow, Craiglow, Jeffrey Weinberg Organizations: Yale School of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine Locations: Fairfield , Conn, Mount Sinai

☆ Big pharma's blockbuster obesity drug battle is just getting started, and it's headed for $100 billion
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-09 | by ( Bob Woods | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +13 min

In this article LLYNOVO.B-DK Follow your favorite stocks CREATE FREE ACCOUNTOzempic drug to treat diabetes. Since Wegovy and Mounjaro have been on the market, "neither company can make the drug fast enough," she said. The Food and Drug Administration approved Ozempic in 2017 for diabetes and Wegovy in 2021 to treat obesity. Mounjaro, introduced in 2022 to treat diabetes, contains GLP-1, plus GIP, a similar appetite suppressor that can lead to weight loss. Coverage for Mounjaro ($1,023 per month) to treat diabetes varies based on an individual's insurance plan and drug benefits.

Persons: Eli Lilly, Novo's, Lilly's, Emily Field, Lilly, David Ricks, CNBC's Jim Cramer, Ozempic, Novo, Mounjaro, George Frey, Lars Fruergaard Jorgensen, Wajahat Mehal, Tom Carper, Bill Cassidy of, We've, Camilla Sylvest, there's, Sylvest, Cowen, What's, It's, Mike Mason, Amgen, Emmanuel Papadakis Organizations: Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Amgen, Barclays, Nordisk, Drug Administration, Mounjaro, SVB Securities, Food and Drug Administration, Pharmacy, Reuters Novo, Novo, Wegovy, European Union, Medicare, Yale School, Metabolic, Congressional Black Caucus, CDC, pharma, American Medical Association, , Big Pharma, American Diabetes Association, Deutsche Bank Locations: Lilly, Denmark, Provo , Utah, U.S, European, Delaware, Bill Cassidy of Louisiana, Novo, Kalundborg, Hillerød, Boone County , Indiana

☆ Phone. Keys. Wallet … Brain?
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-08 | by ( Jancee Dunn | More About Jancee Dunn | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +2 min

But starting in your fifties, Dr. Mendez said, the area of the brain in charge of memory retrieval is less efficient. So if you’re struggling to remember “that movie starring that guy,” the memory is often there, Dr. Mendez said — it just takes longer to surface. We are inundated with so much information each day, said Dr. Davis, and the brain has to manage memories. “Forgetting is a normal part of one’s brain function,” he said. It’s not good for your brain health in general, but as we get older, our capacity to multitask “typically diminishes,” he said.

Persons: Mario Mendez, ’ ”, Mendez, “, ”, —, it’s, Ronald Davis, Herbert Wertheim, Davis, Arman Fesharaki, Fesharaki, Zadeh, ‘, ’ Organizations: David Geffen School of Medicine, Herbert, Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Technology, Yale School of Medicine Locations: U.C.L.A

☆ Long Covid Poses Special Challenges for Seniors
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-03 | by ( Paula Span | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

The dozens of symptoms collectively known as long Covid, or post-Covid, can sideline anyone who has been infected. About 11 percent of American adults have developed long Covid after an infection, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported last month, down from the almost 19 percent recorded from June 2022 to June 2023. People over age 60 actually have lower rates of long Covid overall than those aged 30 to 59. That might reflect higher vaccination and booster rates among older Americans, or more protective behavior like masking and avoiding crowds. Though knowledge of long Covid has increased, she added, much remains unknown about the illness.

Persons: ”, Akiko Iwasaki, Anderson Organizations: Centers for Disease Control, Yale School of Medicine

☆ Addiction Treatment Eludes More Than Half of Americans in Need
▼ + stars: | 2023-08-15 | by ( Noah Weiland | More About Noah Weiland | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +4 min

Why It Matters: Opioid addiction affects every part of American society. Rural and white Americans were the likeliest to report personal or family opioid addiction, but significant percentages of Black, Hispanic, urban and suburban families did, as well. Overdose fatality rates among Black Americans have climbed substantially in recent years, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found in a study last year. A third of Americans fear that someone in their family will die of an opioid overdose, researchers discovered. Methadone, another opioid addiction medication that alleviates cravings, is heavily regulated and often difficult for drug users to access and use continuously, prompting repeated calls from addiction physicians and public health experts for easing restrictions.

Persons: KFF, “, —, ”, naloxone, David Fiellin, Biden Organizations: Centers for Disease Control, Yale School of Medicine, AIDS Locations: ”, Georgia, South Carolina

☆ AI-Targeted Internet Advertisements Fueling Looming Addiction Crisis
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-13 | by ( Albert Fox Cahn | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +13 min

A new breed of direct-to-consumer services is aggressively using targeted ads to sell habit-forming medications. In short, AI and surveillance capitalism, which empower today's targeted ads, have joined forces with the deadly OxyContin playbook. As the Journal reported, after ADHD medications grew to 20% of the VC-funded company's business, driving a $4.8 billion valuation, things came crashing to earth. We as a society may have come to accept being stalked by targeted ads, but consequences are much graver when the product itself is a danger. But above all, we need rules that ban targeted ads for drugs that can get patients hooked.

Persons: Taylor Swift, they're, haven't, Van Zee, OxyContin, prescribers, Dr, David Sack, Anthony Yeung, recreationally, Yann Poncin, shih, Ryan Haight, Ryan Haight Act's, Albert Fox Cahn Organizations: Circle, Purdue, American, of Public Health, Sackler family's pharma, Physicians, Yale School of Medicine, Bloomberg, Drug Enforcement Agency, Department of Health, Human Services, Ryan, Twitter, FDA Locations: Canadian, California, United States, New Zealand, New York

☆ Dr. Mandy Cohen: Biden chooses the next CDC director
▼ + stars: | 2023-06-16 | by ( Betsy Klein | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +9 min

And as Cohen takes on what’s become an increasingly politicized role at the CDC, Biden heralded her capacity to work across the aisle. I look forward to working with Dr. Cohen as she leads our nation’s finest scientists and public health experts with integrity and transparency,” the president said. Cohen will hit the ground running as leader of the world’s finest public health organization saving lives every day. Walensky announced her departure from her government role last month in the days before the Covid-19 public health emergency lifted. As she prepares to step into the role, Cohen inherits an agency wracked with challenges and low morale.

Persons: Joe Biden, Mandy Cohen, Rochelle Walensky, Dr, Cohen, ” Biden, what’s, Biden, Jeff Zients, Zients, “ Dr, ” Cohen, Walensky, –, Obama, ”, Andy Slavitt, “ She’s, Slavitt, Republican Sen, Richard Burr of, she’s, … I’ve, Mandy, ” Burr, Burr, “, ” Slavitt, Roy Cooper, Cohen “, Trump, Cooper, she’ll Organizations: CNN, US Centers for Disease Control, White House, CDC, North, North Carolina’s Department of Health, Human Services, Trump, Biden, Centers, Medicare, Medicaid Services, Yale School of Medicine, Harvard, of Public Health, The Washington Post, Center for Strategic, Studies, America’s Health Security, Republican, White, Democratic North Carolina Gov, Center for Health Sector Management, Duke University’s Fuqua School of Business Locations: North Carolina’s, Chan, “, North Carolina, Richard Burr of North Carolina, North Carolinians

☆ Obesity changes the brain, with ‘no sign of reversibility,’ researchers find
▼ + stars: | 2023-06-12 | by ( Sandee Lamotte | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +7 min

“This study captures why obesity is a disease — there are actual changes to the brain,” said Apovian, who was not involved in the study. They wanted to know if that would be different in people with obesity compared to those of normal weight. At the same time, levels of dopamine rose in those at normal weight, signaling that the reward centers of the brain were also activated. Losing weight did not reset the brain in people with obesity, Serlie said. Until science answers these questions, the study emphasizes, once again, that weight stigma has no place in the fight against obesity, Serlie said.

Persons: ’ ”, Caroline Apovian, ”, Apovian, Sadaf, they’ve, “, Mireille Serlie, ” Faroof, ” Serlie, Farooqi, Serlie, it’s, ” Farooqi, ‘ Organizations: CNN, Harvard Medical School, Center, Weight Management, Wellness, Brigham, Women’s Hospital, BMI, University of Cambridge, Yale School of Medicine Locations: Boston, New Haven , Connecticut

☆ Kids under 6 ingesting illicit substances rose after Covid-19 outbreak, study shows
▼ + stars: | 2023-04-21 | by ( Madeline Holcombe | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +5 min

CNN —The outbreak of Covid-19 presented many dangers for children, and a new study suggests increased illicit substance ingestions were among them. Those numbers grew by 1.8% more per month than they did before the pandemic, the study said. The results could be skewed if health care providers were on the lookout for ingestions, Dodington added. There was no association between medicinal or recreational cannabis legalization and the rate of cannabis ingestion encounters, according to the study. Safer storageIngesting drugs and alcohol are particularly dangerous for young children, Dodington said.

☆ Fact Check-Antineoplastons not a proven ‘cancer cure’ and not an approved treatment
▼ + stars: | 2023-02-08 | by ( Reuters Fact Check | ) www.reuters.com time to read: +6 min

Online claims that the drugs are a cancer “cure” and that any of them has been FDA-approved are misleading, a cancer expert and an FDA official told Reuters. A video viewed more than 135,000 times on Facebook begins with: “THIS CURE FOR CANCER WAS DISCOVERED 42 YEARS AGO…” (here). A search of the database also shows no reported Phase 3 or randomized controlled studies on any antineoplastons as a cancer treatment. To approve a drug, FDA requires phase 3 studies to demonstrate “whether or not a product offers a treatment benefit to a specific population” (here). Cancer Research UK and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center also caution about the lack of evidence for antineoplastons in treating cancer (here), (here).

They have soared in popularity over the last year, in part from social media attention and billionaires like Elon Musk touting the drugs’ weight loss effects. Ozempic is not approved for weight loss, but doctors sometimes prescribe it off-label for that purpose. Harper took Ozempic off-label for weight loss from May until November (she paused while moving to Washington state but plans to start again). For Yazeed, weight loss was not the reason she went on Ozempic, nor was it a goal. He hasn't experienced side effects or weight loss from Ozempic, he said, but he recognizes that isn't true for everyone.

"Everybody has a different amount of fibroglandular tissue and a different pattern," Freer said, referring to dense breast tissue. In individual interviews as part of Gunn's survey, six out of 61 women said dense breasts contributed to breast cancer risk. There are two reasons dense breasts are linked to a higher risk of breast cancer. To lower one's risk of breast cancer overall, doctors recommend limiting alcohol intake, exercising regularly and maintaining a healthy diet. The Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium offers an online tool to help people gauge their breast cancer risk based on multiple factors, including breast density.

☆ Fact Check-Inhaling hydrogen peroxide and iodine unsafe, and not a proven treatment for respiratory symptoms
▼ + stars: | 2023-01-23 | by ( Reuters Fact Check | ) www.reuters.com time to read: +5 min

Topical antiseptics such as hydrogen peroxide, iodine, or a combination of the two are not safe to inhale and not proven to treat respiratory infections, contrary to social media claims that breathing in these liquids is a good idea. Still, social media users are sharing a video that claims using a nebulizer to make a vapor from a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and iodine can treat respiratory infections like sore throat. Both hydrogen peroxide and iodine solutions are used on the skin, usually to prevent infection of minor cuts and scrapes (here). Evidence from studies of accidental inhalation shows that hydrogen peroxide can damage tissue and iodine can be toxic. There is no evidence that combining hydrogen peroxide and iodine in a nebulizer will treat respiratory symptoms, and the practice is potentially damaging and toxic, experts told Reuters.

BOSTON, Dec 20 (Reuters) - The Massachusetts state prison system will reform how it cares for inmates with serious mental health issues and supervise prisoners at risk of harming themselves to resolve a years-long civil rights investigation by the U.S. Department of Justice. The Justice Department on Tuesday said the Massachusetts Department of Correction entered into a settlement agreement after investigators concluded conditions at its prisons resulted in inmates on mental health watch dying or injuring themselves. The deal calls for improved policies and training that will result in heightened supervision for inmates, increased out-of-cell contact with mental health staff, and the creation of a new treatment-focused housing unit. "Statistics show that far too many of the incarcerated population suffers from significant mental health and substance use disorders, among other severe things," she said. The Justice Department found that the prison system's mental health or suicide watch involved placing prisoners in "restrictive, isolating, and unnecessarily harsh conditions" for prolonged periods, placing them at risk of harming themselves.

☆ Celine Dion has stiff-person syndrome, a one-in-a-million diagnosis. These are its symptoms.
▼ + stars: | 2022-12-08 | by ( Https | Media-Cldnry.S-Nbcnews.Com Image Upload Newscms Aria-Bendix-Byline-Jm.Jpg | Aria Bendix | ) www.nbcnews.com time to read: +4 min

Celine Dion's diagnosis with stiff-person syndrome has brought public attention to the rare neurological disorder, which affects roughly one or two out of every million people. People with stiff-person syndrome often experience rigidity in their torso and limbs, as well as severe muscle spasms that can cause them to fall down. Stiff-person syndrome overall disrupts the normal pathways of communication between the brain and the muscles. A small minority of cancer patients may also produce antibodies that attack the nervous system and trigger stiff-person syndrome, Helfgott added. Because many symptoms of stiff-person syndrome overlap with those of Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, fibromyalgia or anxiety, it often takes time to diagnose.

Of particular importance is information about how many seniors die, develop disabilities, can no longer live independently, or have a significantly worsened quality of life after major surgery. “What older patients want to know is, ‘What’s my life going to look like?’” Cooper said. Invasive procedures that take place in operating rooms with patients under general anesthesia were counted as major surgeries. Two years ago, Gill’s team conducted research that showed 1 in 3 older adults had not returned to their baseline level of functioning six months after major surgery. This includes assessing older patients three times a day for delirium (an acute change in mental status that often afflicts older hospital patients), getting patients moving as soon as possible, and using non-narcotic pain relievers.

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